Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

7.8K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
7.8K
Translation01:31

Translation

16.8K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
16.8K
Translation01:31

Translation

133.4K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
133.4K
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

13.4K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
13.4K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

11.7K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
11.7K
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

18.8K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
18.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Circulating lipids uncover early membrane disruption as a primary event preceding Alzheimer's disease onset.

Research square·2026
Same author

Alveolar type 2 cell LRP1 is needed for surfactant phospholipid metabolism and pulmonary function in mice.

Journal of lipid research·2026
Same author

4,5-dihydroxyhexanoic acid is a robust circulating and urine marker of mitochondrial disease and its severity.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

STIM1-containing contact sites promote direct calcium flux from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria.

The EMBO journal·2026
Same author

Chronic ER Stress Disrupts Mitochondrial-Associated ER Membrane Integrity in Corneal Endothelial Cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Serum Lipidome as an Early Peripheral Indicator in Familial Alzheimer's Disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Author Spotlight: Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

3.0K

Mitochondrial genetics and disease.

Estela Area-Gomez1, Eric A Schon2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA eag2118@columbia.edu.

Journal of Child Neurology
|July 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial diseases stem from genetic mutations affecting energy production. New research into mitochondrial dynamics offers novel insights into these complex disorders and their treatment.

Keywords:
mitodynamicsmtDNAoxidative phosphorylationrespiratory chain

More Related Videos

An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model
06:05

An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model

Published on: March 9, 2022

3.8K
Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
07:24

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing

Published on: February 10, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Author Spotlight: Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

3.0K
An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model
06:05

An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model

Published on: March 9, 2022

3.8K
Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
07:24

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing

Published on: February 10, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial diseases impair cellular energy production due to genetic mutations.
  • These mutations can occur in nuclear DNA or mitochondrial DNA.
  • Understanding mitochondrial genetics is crucial for diagnosing and understanding pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize principles of mitochondrial genetics relevant to disease.
  • To introduce mitochondrial dynamics as a new area of study.
  • To explore the role of mitochondrial dynamics in energy production disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mitochondrial genetics and disease.
  • Overview of the concept of mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, trafficking, positioning).
  • Discussion of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial disorders arise from defects in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes.
  • Mitochondrial dynamics regulate organelle integrity, viability, and function.
  • Mutations affecting mitochondrial dynamics are linked to compromised energy production.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial genetics provides a framework for understanding these diseases.
  • Mitochondrial dynamics represent a critical, emerging area in mitochondrial research.
  • Investigating mutations in mitochondrial dynamics genes opens new avenues for studying energy production disorders.