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Hormone changes in peripubertal girls.

Frank M Biro1, Susan M Pinney, Bin Huang

  • 1Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (F.M.B., B.H., E.R.B.); Department of Environmental Health (S.M.P.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229; Esoterix Laboratories, Endocrine Sciences (D.W.C.), Calabasas Hills, California 91301; and the Pennsylvania State University (L.D.D.), University Park, Pennsylvania 16801.

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Adrenal hormones like dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) and androstenedione increase before sex steroids in peripubertal girls. Heavier girls show lower estradiol levels, suggesting adrenal androgen conversion.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Pediatric Development

Background:

  • Hormonal shifts in peripubertal girls involve adrenal hormones preceding sex steroids.
  • The precise relationship between these hormonal changes remains unclear, beyond their temporal sequence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interrelationships between adrenal and sex hormones in peripubertal girls.
  • To analyze the timing of hormonal changes relative to pubertal onset in females.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal observational study involving 252 peripubertal girls (ages 6-7 at recruitment).
  • Serum hormone levels (androstenedione, estradiol, estrone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), SHBG) measured every six months via HPLC-MS.
  • Measurements spanned 30 months before to 6 months after breast development onset.

Main Results:

  • Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) increased 24 months before breast development.
  • Androstenedione and estrone rose 12-18 months prior; estradiol and testosterone increased 6-12 months prior.
  • Higher body mass index correlated with lower estradiol levels at pubertal onset and 6 months post-onset.

Conclusions:

  • Serum estrone and DHEA-S concentrations precede estradiol increases.
  • Estradiol levels rise before the onset of breast development.
  • Lower estradiol in heavier girls suggests peripheral conversion of adrenal androgens to estrone during puberty.