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[Microbubbles targeted to P-selectin for evaluating testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits]
Objective:
To explore the feasibility of evaluating complete ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of the testis by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with microbubbles (MB) targeted to P-selectin (MBp) in rabbits.
Methods:
We randomly divided 30 healthy adult rabbits into five groups of equal number (control, 0.5 h IRI, 1 h IRI, 2 h IRI, and 4 h IRI), prepared phospholipid MB and MBp, and performed contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the bilateral testes with MB or MBp at an interval of 20 min at different times after IRI. When MB or MBp disappeared completely in the healthy testis at 4 to 5 min after intravenous injection, we recorded the power of the first frame (F-P) in the IRI testes followed by immunohistochemical staining of the testis tissue.
Results:
CEU with MBp achieved a significantly higher F-P than that with MB in all the IRI groups (P < 0.05), which was (8.34 +/- 1.20) versus (1.87 +/- 0.25) 10(-5) AU at 2 hours, but there was no significant difference between MB and MBp in the control rabbits (0 AU, P > 0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed a significantly time-dependent increase in the expression of P-selectin in the vascular endothelial cells of the IRI testes, but not in those of the control.
Conclusion:
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with MBp can be used to evaluate the inflammatory reaction of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Insights
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography using P-selectin targeted microbubbles (MBp) effectively evaluates testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This method shows increased P-selectin expression, indicating inflammation in IRI testes.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Regenerative Medicine
- Urology
Background:
- Testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a significant clinical concern.
- Accurate and early evaluation of IRI is crucial for effective treatment.
- Current diagnostic methods for testicular IRI have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility of using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEU) with P-selectin targeted microbubbles (MBp) for evaluating testicular IRI in rabbits.
- To compare the efficacy of MBp with non-targeted microbubbles (MB) in detecting IRI.
Main Methods:
- Thirty rabbits were divided into control and IRI groups (0.5, 1, 2, 4 hours).
- Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed using MB or MBp.
- First frame power (F-P) was recorded, followed by immunohistochemical staining for P-selectin.
Main Results:
- CEU with MBp demonstrated significantly higher F-P values in IRI testes compared to MB (P < 0.05).
- No significant difference was observed between MB and MBp in control rabbits.
- Immunohistochemistry confirmed a time-dependent increase in P-selectin expression in IRI testes.
Conclusions:
- CEU with MBp is a feasible and effective method for evaluating the inflammatory response in testicular IRI.
- MBp-targeted CEU can serve as a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring testicular IRI.
