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Tolerance measurements on internal- and external-hexagon implants.

Michael Braian, Hugo De Bruyn, Håkan Fransson

    The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
    |July 18, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study measured machining tolerances for dental implant connections. Metallic components demonstrated superior precision, with smaller gaps than plastic components, crucial for long-term implant stability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Implantology
    • Biomaterials Engineering
    • Manufacturing Tolerances

    Background:

    • The interface between dental implants and their components is critical for prosthetic success.
    • Understanding machining tolerances is essential for evaluating fit and potential wear over time.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the horizontal machining tolerances of internal- and external-hexagon dental implant connections.
    • To establish baseline values for evaluating misfit related to fabrication, processing, and wear.

    Main Methods:

    • Seven internal- and external-hexagon implants and analogs (Biomet 3i) were analyzed.
    • Components included prefabricated gold cylinders and plastic cylinders with associated screws.
    • Manual, digital, and virtual model measurements were employed to determine tolerances.

    Main Results:

    • Horizontal machining tolerances for external implants with plastic abutments were 12 ± 89 μm.
    • Internal implants with plastic abutments showed tolerances of 86 ± 47 μm.
    • Metallic abutments (gold) exhibited smaller tolerances: 44 ± 9 μm (external) and 58 ± 28 μm (internal).

    Conclusions:

    • Metallic components exhibited the tightest tolerances (<50 μm external, <90 μm internal).
    • Prefabricated plastic cylinders showed wider tolerances (<100 μm external, <130 μm internal).
    • These findings highlight the impact of material choice on implant connection precision.