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Mass screening for colorectal cancer.
I T Khubchandani1, M C Karamchandani, F S Kleckner
1Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
|September 1, 1989
Summary
This community screening project used Hemoccult II kits to detect colorectal cancer in asymptomatic individuals. The guaiac test screening program identified early lesions, justifying its use for mass surveys.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Public Health
Background:
- Colorectal cancer screening is crucial for early detection and improved patient outcomes.
- Community-based screening programs enhance accessibility and public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a voluntary community colorectal cancer screening project using Hemoccult II kits.
- To assess the yield of detecting significant gastrointestinal diseases, including cancers and polyps, in an asymptomatic population.
Main Methods:
- Distribution of 49,353 Hemoccult II fecal occult blood test kits to asymptomatic individuals.
- Processing of 23,674 completed kits, with follow-up medical evaluations for positive results.
- Analysis of detected diseases, including cancers, polyps, and other gastrointestinal conditions.
Main Results:
- A 48% compliance rate was observed, with 3.6% of participants testing positive.
- Significant findings included 29 colorectal cancers (0.12%) and 12 malignant polyps (0.05%).
- Benign polyps were detected in 0.45% and other GI diseases in 0.82% of participants.
Conclusions:
- The guaiac test screening program is a cost-effective method for mass surveys, detecting early colorectal lesions.
- Heightened public awareness and early lesion detection justify the continued use of this screening approach.
- The study demonstrated the value of community-based fecal occult blood testing in identifying various gastrointestinal pathologies.