Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital region

Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (BLT), as a rare form of condylomata acuminatum, was firstly described by Buschke in 1886 as a "carcinoma-like condyloma acuminatum of the penis". BLT is generally considered to be a low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital region.

We describe a case of BLT in a 56-year-old male patient who was referred to our institute due to a large defect in the gluteal region. The biopsy of the lesion was performed and the diagnosis of BLT was made on histopathological examination. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed the extensive vegetant lesion that significantly infiltrated pelvic organs accompanied with an enlargement of para-iliac lymph nodes. Sygmoidostomy for fecal diversion was done and chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was initiated. Unfortunately, the patient's severe condition caused fatal outcome.

Our case points out that BLT should be treated at the initial stage in order to prevent untreatable condition which happened in our patient. Therefore, early diagnostics and staging of the disease using modern technologies are crucial in order to treat patients effectively.