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Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

25
Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
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Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

25
Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
25
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

18
Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
18
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

15
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
15
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

17
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence...
17
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

6.9K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Post-thyroidectomy chronic asthenia: self-deception or disease?

Lodovico Rosato1, Furio Pacini, Luca Panier Suffat

  • 1Department of Surgery - Endocrine Surgical Unit, Ivrea Hospital, School of Medicine, ASL TO4, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Endocrine
|July 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Total thyroidectomy (TT) can lead to chronic asthenia in 25% of patients, unlike total lobectomy (TL). This persistent fatigue impacts quality of life, suggesting TT should be reserved for strict indications.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Quality of Life Research

Background:

  • Persistent asthenia is a reported symptom in patients following total thyroidectomy (TT).
  • The causal link between TT and chronic asthenia syndrome has not been thoroughly investigated.
  • Asthenia is a known post-thyroidectomy symptom but often inadequately studied as a surgical consequence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of asthenia symptoms in post-total thyroidectomy patients.
  • To assess if TT causes or unmasks chronic asthenia syndrome.
  • To compare asthenia incidence between total lobectomy (TL) and TT.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study comparing 100 patients undergoing TL (Group A) and 100 undergoing TT (Group B).
  • Patients with normal thyroid hormone levels were interviewed for asthenia symptoms lasting ≥6 months.
  • Asthenia severity was measured using the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI).

Main Results:

  • Post-operative asthenia incidence was 0% after TL versus 25% after TT.
  • The surgical procedure (TT) was the only significant variable identified.
  • Asthenia presented with low to moderate intensity, impacting at least 25% of TT patients.

Conclusions:

  • Complete thyroid removal (TT) can cause chronic asthenia, a significant sequela affecting quality of life.
  • The findings highlight the need to identify the causes of post-thyroidectomy asthenia.
  • Indications for TT should be strictly limited to essential cases due to the risk of chronic asthenia.