Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

The de Broglie Wavelength

25.6K
In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
25.6K
Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

2.5K
The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
2.5K
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

1.1K
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
1.1K
The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

25.5K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
25.5K
Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations01:28

Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations

2.9K
Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
2.9K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

51.6K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
51.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A way forward for fundamental physics in space.

NPJ microgravity·2022
Same author

Laser-Driven Superradiant Ensembles of Two-Level Atoms near Dicke Regime.

Physical review letters·2021
Same author

Haematological parameters associated with postpartum haemorrhage after vaginal delivery: Results from a French cohort study.

Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction·2021
Same author

Admission to long-stay residential care and mortality among people with and without dementia living at home but on the boundary of residential care: a competing risks survival analysis.

Aging & mental health·2020
Same author

Establishing a Telemedicine Respiratory Therapy Service (eRT) in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia·2020
Same author

Few Versus Many-Body Physics of an Impurity Immersed in a Superfluid of Spin 1/2 Attractive Fermions.

Physical review letters·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.1K

A mixture of Bose and Fermi superfluids.

I Ferrier-Barbut1, M Delehaye2, S Laurent2

  • 1Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, École Normale Supérieure, Collège de France, CNRS and UPMC, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France. iferrier@lkb.ens.fr.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a mixture of two superfluids using lithium isotopes. This breakthrough allows observing coupled dynamics between fermionic and bosonic superfluids, opening new avenues in quantum many-body physics.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.2K
Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode
08:41

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode

Published on: August 5, 2015

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.1K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.2K
Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode
08:41

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode

Published on: August 5, 2015

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Many-Body Physics
  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Background:

  • Superfluidity is a quantum phenomenon observed in both fermionic and bosonic systems.
  • Creating mixtures where both components are simultaneously superfluid is experimentally challenging.
  • Previous studies have observed Bose and Fermi superfluidity separately.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize and study a mixture of fermionic and bosonic superfluids.
  • To investigate the collective dynamics and coupling between two coexisting superfluids.
  • To explore the quantum many-body interactions in such a mixed-superfluid system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing dilute gases of two lithium isotopes: lithium-6 (fermionic) and lithium-7 (bosonic).
  • Exciting center-of-mass oscillations in the mixture to probe collective dynamics.
  • Employing high-precision spectroscopy to analyze mode damping and energy exchange.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created a stable mixture of fermionic and bosonic superfluids.
  • Observed collective oscillations with extremely low damping below a critical velocity.
  • Measured coherent energy exchange and quantified the coupling between the two superfluids.

Conclusions:

  • The observed phenomena can be theoretically described using a sum-rule approach.
  • The system behaves as two coupled oscillators, demonstrating inter-superfluid interactions.
  • This work provides a new platform for studying quantum phenomena in mixed-superfluid systems.