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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

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The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct...
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Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

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Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
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Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla

3.2K
The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
3.2K
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

21
Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features...
21
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

7.2K
Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
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A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

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Primary adrenal lymphoma.

Karima Kacem1, Sami Zriba2, Raihane Ben Lakhal1

  • 1Tunis El Manar University Faculty of Medicine, Aziza Othmana Hospital, Department of Hematology, Tunis, Tunisia.

Turkish Journal of Haematology : Official Journal of Turkish Society of Haematology
|July 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Primary adrenal lymphoma, a rare condition, was diagnosed in a patient presenting with B symptoms. Treatment with immunochemotherapy and stem cell transplantation led to a complete response, highlighting effective management strategies for this uncommon non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Keywords:
Addisonian crisiAdrenal glandsLymphoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the adrenal gland is an exceptionally rare clinical entity.
  • Adrenal lymphomas can mimic metastatic disease or primary adrenal tumors, posing diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of primary adrenal lymphoma diagnosed in a 56-year-old patient.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic pathway and treatment response in primary adrenal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical presentation with B symptoms and bilateral adrenal masses on CT scan.
  • Diagnosis confirmed via scan-guided biopsies, including medullary biopsy to exclude secondary involvement.
  • Treatment with immunochemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with characteristic B symptoms.
  • CT imaging revealed bilateral adrenal masses without lymphadenopathy.
  • Biopsies confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, with medullary biopsy ruling out secondary lymphoma.
  • The patient achieved a complete response to immunochemotherapy prior to stem cell transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Primary adrenal lymphoma, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of adrenal masses, especially in patients with systemic symptoms.
  • Multimodality imaging and targeted biopsies are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • A combination of immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation can be an effective treatment strategy for primary adrenal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.