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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Published on: March 18, 2015

Engineering patient-specific valves using stem cells generated from skin biopsy specimens.

David L Simpson¹, Brody Wehman¹, Yekaterina Galat²

¹Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery

|July 20, 2014

Summary

Researchers created a biologically active pulmonary valve using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPSCs-MSCs) and decellularized valves. This novel approach offers a promising alternative to current valve replacements, potentially reducing the need for reoperations in pediatric patients.

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Engineering
Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

Pediatric valve replacement often necessitates reoperations due to limited durability and growth potential.
Existing solutions face challenges with long-term efficacy and patient development.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer a biologically active pulmonary valve utilizing patient-specific cells and decellularized human valves.
To address the limitations of current pediatric valve replacement strategies.

Main Methods:

Generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from skin fibroblasts.
Differentiated iPSCs into mesenchymal stem cells (iPCSs-MSCs) via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
Seeded decellularized pulmonary valves with iPCS-MSCs and cultured for 30 days.

Main Results:

iPCSs-MSCs exhibited >90% CD105/CD90 expression and differentiated into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes.
iPCSs-MSCs showed enhanced proliferation (2x) compared to bone marrow MSCs, with >80% gene expression identity.
Repopulated valves demonstrated increased cellularity and extracellular matrix deposition, indicating cell function and maturation.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated feasibility of constructing a biologically active human pulmonary valve.
Utilized a sustainable and proliferative cell source (iPCSs-MSCs).
The bioactive pulmonary valve holds potential advantages over current replacements, requiring further validation.