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Directing vascular cell selectivity and hemocompatibility on patterned platforms featuring variable topographic

Yonghui Ding1, Zhilu Yang, Cathy W C Bi

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, ‡Division of Life Science, §Division of Biomedical Engineering, and ∥State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Surface topography can control vascular cell behavior and improve blood compatibility for implants. Optimal 1 μm grooves enhance endothelialization while reducing platelet activation, suggesting improved vascular graft and stent design.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Surface Engineering

Background:

  • Achieving multifunctionality in vascular grafts and stents for enhanced vascular cell selectivity and hemocompatibility presents a significant challenge.
  • Micro/nanopatterning of implant surfaces offers a promising avenue for developing such multifunctional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of surface topography, specifically groove and pillar patterns of varying sizes, on vascular cell and platelet responses.
  • To identify optimal surface designs for improved vascular cell selectivity and hemocompatibility in implantable devices.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel patterned platform with two geometries (groove and pillar) and six pattern sizes (0.5-50 μm).
  • Evaluation of endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell, and platelet responses to different topographic features.
  • Analysis of focal adhesion and stress fiber development to understand cellular responses to topography.

Main Results:

  • Pillars nonselectively inhibited both endothelial and smooth muscle cell growth.
  • Grooves demonstrated size-dependent selective effects, enhancing endothelialization while inhibiting smooth muscle cell growth.
  • A 1 μm groove pattern significantly reduced platelet adhesion and activation, indicating improved hemocompatibility.
  • Topographic cues influence vascular cell responses by modulating focal adhesion and stress fiber development.

Conclusions:

  • Rationally designed surface topography can effectively instruct targeted multifunctionality in vascular implants.
  • The 1 μm groove pattern represents a potentially optimal design for achieving both vascular cell selectivity and hemocompatibility.
  • This study provides critical insights for the development of advanced vascular grafts and stents with enhanced performance.