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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

78
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
78
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

21
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
21
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

25
Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
25
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

33
Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to...
33
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

2.0K
Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
2.0K
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

4.1K
The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
4.1K

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A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
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Hepatitis C: the next 25years.

Michael Houghton1

  • 1Li Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Antiviral Research
|July 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is now curable for most patients with new antiviral drugs. Future efforts must focus on global drug accessibility and developing a vaccine for HCV eradication.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The hepatitis C virus (HCV) was discovered in 1989.
  • Significant advancements have been made in diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Current treatments can cure the majority of patients with HCV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress in hepatitis C management and eradication.
  • To highlight urgent priorities for global hepatitis C control.
  • To introduce a symposium on "Hepatitis C: next steps toward global eradication."

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature and clinical advancements in HCV.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Identification of public health challenges and future research directions.
Keywords:
HCVHepatitis CNext 25years

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Main Results:

  • Highly effective small-molecule drugs can now cure most HCV infections.
  • Screening tests protect the blood supply, and diagnostics aid management.
  • Global accessibility of treatments and vaccine development are critical.

Conclusions:

  • Effective control and potential eradication of hepatitis C are achievable.
  • Urgent priorities include equitable drug access and vaccine development.
  • Continued research and public health initiatives are essential for global eradication.