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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

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A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
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When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer
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An efficient triple-junction polymer solar cell having a power conversion efficiency exceeding 11%.

Chun-Chao Chen1, Wei-Hsuan Chang, Ken Yoshimura

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates a triple-junction tandem organic solar cell achieving a record 11.5% power conversion efficiency (PCE). Balanced photon absorption across three organic donor materials is key to this enhanced performance.

Keywords:
WO3 nanoparticlesinverted tandem structurespolymer solar cellstransfer matrix formalismtriple junctions

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Single-junction solar cells face theoretical efficiency limits.
  • Tandem solar cells offer a pathway to overcome these limitations by stacking multiple light-absorbing layers.
  • Organic solar cells provide a flexible and potentially low-cost alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate an efficient triple-junction tandem organic solar cell.
  • To achieve balanced photon absorption across multiple subcells.
  • To investigate the potential of organic materials for high-efficiency tandem devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a triple-junction tandem organic solar cell using three distinct organic donor materials.
  • Bandgap tuning of donor materials to range from 1.4 to 1.9 eV.
  • Optical modeling to optimize photon absorption and photocurrent matching.

Main Results:

  • Achieved balanced photon absorption rates across the three subcells.
  • Successfully matched photocurrents among the subcells.
  • Demonstrated a record-high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.5% for the triple-junction tandem organic solar cell.

Conclusions:

  • Triple-junction tandem organic solar cells are a promising technology for high-efficiency solar energy conversion.
  • Careful selection of organic donor materials and optical design can lead to significant PCE improvements.
  • This work sets a new benchmark for organic tandem solar cell performance.