Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

810
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
810
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

1.0K
Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
1.0K
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

396
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
396
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

716
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
716
Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

1.1K
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
1.1K
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

492
AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
492

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nephrocheck for Prediction of In-Hospital Acute Kidney Injury and Major Adverse Kidney Events After Cardiac Surgery.

Anesthesia and analgesia·2026
Same author

Klotho in the kidney distal convolution regulates urinary Klotho excretion and kidney calcium reabsorption, but not phosphate homeostasis.

Kidney international·2026
Same author

High-Phosphate-Induced Hypertension: The Pathogenic Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) Signaling in Sympathetic Nervous System Activation.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Hydroxycitrate is a Unique Inhibitor of Pathologically-Relevant Brushite Crystallization.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Kidney Function Decline in Sickle Cell Disease: Associations with Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors.

Kidney360·2026
Same author

Tetravalent antibodies are more potent and efficacious erythropoiesis-stimulating agents than erythropoietin in vivo.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

2.9K

Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis: A Systemic Metabolic Disorder.

Michael R Wiederkehr1, Orson W Moe2

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Baylor University Medical Center, 3500 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.

Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism
|July 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Uric acid nephrolithiasis, a common kidney stone type, stems from metabolic disorders and acidic urine. Treatment involves hydration, diet changes, and urine alkalinization with potassium citrate.

Keywords:
Acid urineAlkalineAmmoniumGoutHyperuricosuriaMetabolic syndromePotassium citrateUric acid nephrolithiasisUrine bufferpH

More Related Videos

Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril
10:02

Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril

Published on: October 3, 2020

3.6K
Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
09:40

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

18.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

2.9K
Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril
10:02

Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril

Published on: October 3, 2020

3.6K
Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
09:40

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

18.7K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Urology

Background:

  • Uric acid nephrolithiasis accounts for 10% of kidney stones, linked to metabolic syndrome and gout.
  • Key factors include acidic urine, hyperuricosuria, and low urine volume.
  • Gastrointestinal disorders and malignancies are less common causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the pathophysiology of uric acid stone formation.
  • To guide therapeutic strategies for uric acid nephrolithiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of risk factors for uric acid stone formation.
  • Utilizing 24-hour urine collection for stone risk analysis.
  • Assessing patient history for metabolic syndrome, gout, and gastrointestinal disorders.

Main Results:

  • Low baseline urine pH and insufficient urinary ammonium buffer are consistent findings.
  • Pure uric acid stones are radiolucent but visible on ultrasound.
  • Metabolic syndrome is prevalent in uric acid stone formers.

Conclusions:

  • Uric acid stones result from systemic metabolic issues and urine acidity.
  • Management requires fluid intake, dietary changes, and urine alkalinization.
  • Potassium citrate is crucial for increasing uric acid solubility by raising urine pH.