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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Cell-based Assay to Study Antibody-mediated Tau Clearance by Microglia
Published on: November 9, 2018
Targeting the proper amyloid-beta neuronal toxins: a path forward for Alzheimer's disease immunotherapeutics
William F Goure1, Grant A Krafft1, Jasna Jerecic1
1Acumen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4453 North First Street, #360, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
Abstract:
Levels of amyloid-beta monomer and deposited amyloid-beta in the Alzheimer's disease brain are orders of magnitude greater than soluble amyloid-beta oligomer levels. Monomeric amyloid-beta has no known direct toxicity. Insoluble fibrillar amyloid-beta has been proposed to be an in vivo mechanism for removal of soluble amyloid-beta and exhibits relatively low toxicity. In contrast, soluble amyloid-beta oligomers are widely reported to be the most toxic amyloid-beta form, both causing acute synaptotoxicity and inducing neurodegenerative processes. None of the amyloid-beta immunotherapies currently in clinical development selectively target soluble amyloid-beta oligomers, and their lack of efficacy is not unexpected considering their selectivity for monomeric or fibrillar amyloid-beta (or both) rather than soluble amyloid-beta oligomers. Because they exhibit acute, memory-compromising synaptic toxicity and induce chronic neurodegenerative toxicity and because they exist at very low in vivo levels in the Alzheimer's disease brain, soluble amyloid-beta oligomers constitute an optimal immunotherapeutic target that should be pursued more aggressively.
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