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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Related Experiment Video

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Obtaining Specimens with Slowed, Accelerated and Reversed Aging in the Honey Bee Model
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We are ageing.

Genovefa D Kolovou1, Vana Kolovou1, Sophie Mavrogeni1

  • 1Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 356 Sygrou Avenue, 17674 Athens, Greece.

Biomed Research International
|July 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding ageing and longevity involves complex mechanisms like oxidative stress and metabolism. Promising longevity strategies include caloric restriction and targeting pathways like TOR and sirtuins.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and molecular biology.
  • Investigates the biological processes underlying ageing and longevity.

Background:

  • Ageing is a multifaceted process influenced by various biological pathways.
  • Key mechanisms include oxidative stress, metabolism, inflammation, DNA repair, and hormonal axes (GH/IGF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the complex mechanisms and theories of ageing.
  • To identify promising strategies for promoting longevity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of proposed ageing mechanisms and theories.
  • Examination of interventions linked to extended lifespan.

Main Results:

  • Identified key ageing pathways: oxidative stress, lipid/glucose metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage/repair, and GH/IGF axis.
  • Highlighted promising longevity interventions: caloric restriction, target of rapamycin (TOR), sirtuins, hexarelin, and hormetic responses.

Conclusions:

  • Ageing is a complex phenomenon with multiple contributing factors.
  • Caloric restriction and specific molecular targets (TOR, sirtuins) show significant potential for enhancing longevity.