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Functional properties of CD8(+) lymphocytes in patients with pleural plaque and malignant mesothelioma

Naoko Kumagai-Takei1, Yasumitsu Nishimura1, Megumi Maeda2

  • 1Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan.

Journal of Immunology Research
|July 22, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Asbestos exposure alters CD8(+) T cells in patients with pleural plaque and malignant mesothelioma (MM). MM patients show impaired cytotoxic responses, suggesting functional changes in these immune cells due to asbestos.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Asbestos exposure is a known cause of malignant mesothelioma (MM).
  • CD8(+) T cells are crucial for antitumor immunity.
  • Peripheral blood CD8(+) lymphocytes properties in asbestos-exposed individuals were previously uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of peripheral blood CD8(+) lymphocytes in patients with asbestos-related pleural plaque (PL) and MM.
  • To compare immune cell profiles between healthy volunteers (HV), PL patients, and MM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD8(+) lymphocytes.
  • Flow cytometry to assess cell surface markers and intracellular cytokines (IFN-γ, Granzyme B, Perforin).
  • Evaluation of CD107a degranulation and CD45RA expression to identify memory cells.

Main Results:

  • While CD3(+)CD8(+) cell percentages were similar, total PBMCs were lower in PL and MM groups compared to HV.
  • Percentages of perforin(+) and CD45RA(-) cells were elevated in fresh CD8(+) lymphocytes of PL and MM groups versus HV.
  • Stimulated CD8(+) lymphocytes showed increased Granzyme B and perforin in the PL group, but reduced perforin in the MM group compared to PL.

Conclusions:

  • MM patients exhibit impaired stimulation-induced cytotoxicity in peripheral blood CD8(+) lymphocytes.
  • Both PL and MM patients share functional alterations in CD8(+) lymphocytes, including an increase in memory cells, potentially linked to asbestos exposure.
  • These findings highlight immune dysregulation associated with asbestos exposure and subsequent disease development.

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