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Helicobacter pylori infection in children in Madagascar: risk factors for acquisition

L Ravelomanana, P Imbert, N Kalach

    Tropical Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Digestive Diseases Foundation
    |July 23, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence in Malagasy children is 39.6%. Drinking spring water is a significant risk factor for H. pylori acquisition in this population.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a global health concern, particularly in developing countries.
    • Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors of H. pylori in children is crucial for effective public health interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Malagasy children.
    • To identify risk factors associated with H. pylori acquisition.
    • To describe the clinical characteristics of H. pylori infection in this pediatric population.

    Main Methods:

    • A 2-year prospective study involving 434 children from rural and urban areas of Madagascar.
    • H. pylori infection status was assessed using an ELISA serological test.
    • Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.

    Main Results:

    • The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 39.6%, increasing with age from 18.1% in infants to 61.5% in children over 10.
    • Prevalence was significantly higher in the urban group (46.9%) compared to the rural group (26.4%).
    • Drinking spring water was significantly associated with H. pylori infection; antibiotic exposure showed no effect.

    Conclusions:

    • H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in Malagasy children, with significant age-related and geographical variations.
    • Contaminated spring water is a key risk factor for H. pylori transmission in this population.
    • Targeted interventions focusing on safe water sources are recommended to reduce H. pylori burden.
    Abstract

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