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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: September 30, 2021
[National S3 guidelines on hepatocellular carcinoma]
C M Sommer1, U Stampfl, H U Kauczor
1Abteilung für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Radiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Clinical/Methodical Issue:
Evidence-based therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Standard Radiological Methods:
Ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, image-guided percutaneous biopsy, percutaneous thermal ablation and transarterial chemoembolization.
Methodical Innovations:
Diagnostic and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the official German interdisciplinary guidelines.
Performance:
The formulation of the German S3 guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma was performed under special consideration of quality indicators and standardized quality improvement methods.
Achievements:
In 2013 the German S3 guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma were published and clinically implemented as part of the nationwide guideline program in oncology of the Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (German Cancer Society).
Practical Recommendations:
The German S3 guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma have to be considered as the national gold standard with the goal of optimization of patient care.

