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Feed energy evaluation for growing pigs.

D Y Kil1, B G Kim1, H H Stein1

  • 1Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Korea.

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
|July 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Accurate energy evaluation in pig feed is crucial. Current systems like Net Energy (NE) have limitations, necessitating a more mechanistic approach, such as Potential Physiological Energy (PPE), for precise feed energy assessment.

Keywords:
Energy UtilizationFeed Energy SystemsPigs

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Swine Physiology
  • Feed Science

Background:

  • Pigs require precise energy for maintenance and production.
  • Feed energy is quantified as Digestible Energy (DE), Metabolizable Energy (ME), or Net Energy (NE).
  • The NE system accounts for heat increment but faces challenges in accurately predicting available energy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on energy utilization and evaluation systems in growing pig feeds.
  • To highlight limitations of existing energy systems (DE, ME, NE).
  • To introduce the mechanistic Potential Physiological Energy (PPE) approach.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on energy utilization and evaluation in swine.
  • Analysis of factors influencing energy partitioning and requirements (e.g., growth stage, environment).
  • Discussion of the theoretical basis of the PPE system.

Main Results:

  • NE values are dynamic and influenced by pig growth stage and environment.
  • DE and ME values are critical for predicting NE but vary with pig factors.
  • The PPE system offers a potentially more stable and mechanistic evaluation of feed energy.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate feed energy evaluation requires considering animal, environmental, and feed interactions.
  • Existing NE systems have limitations in predicting available energy due to dynamic factors.
  • Mechanistic approaches like PPE may improve the precision of feed energy assessment for pigs.