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Relationship between exploitation, oscillation, MSY and extinction.

Bapan Ghosh1, T K Kar1, T Legovic2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (Formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur), Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India.

Mathematical Biosciences
|July 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) policy is affected by initial population levels, especially with Allee effects. Harvesting top predators can lead to ecosystem collapse, and increased fishing effort stabilizes prey-predator dynamics.

Keywords:
Allee effectExtinctionMaximum sustainable yieldMean stockOscillationStable stock

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Area of Science:

  • Fisheries science
  • Ecology
  • Population dynamics

Background:

  • Fisheries management faces challenges with maximum sustainable yield (MSY) policies.
  • Understanding the impact of initial population size and prey-predator dynamics is crucial for sustainable harvesting.
  • Allee effects can complicate population dynamics and harvesting strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how initial population levels influence MSY policy.
  • To analyze the relationship between harvesting, population oscillations, and MSY in prey-predator systems.
  • To assess the impact of harvesting top predators on ecosystem stability.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a single-species model incorporating a strong Allee effect to study initial population impact.
  • Examination of two prey-predator models to understand harvesting, oscillation, and MSY interactions.
  • Evaluation of ecosystem stability under different harvesting scenarios.

Main Results:

  • In single-species models with Allee effects, high initial populations near critical thresholds can prevent convergence to MSY equilibrium.
  • In prey-predator systems with prey Allee effects, initial population size has minimal impact on MSY or maximum sustainable total yield (MSTY).
  • Harvesting top predators can lead to extinction in ecosystems with an odd number of trophic levels.
  • Increased harvesting on prey, predators, or both eliminates oscillations, leading to stable equilibria at MSY and MSTY levels.

Conclusions:

  • Initial population levels are critical for MSY in single-species systems with Allee effects.
  • Harvesting strategies in prey-predator systems significantly alter population dynamics, stabilizing oscillations but risking ecosystem collapse if top predators are targeted.
  • The findings have implications for refining fisheries management policies in diverse ecological settings.