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[Mechanisms of formation of post-vaccinal immune response in children immunized with APDT and ADT-M preparations]

G G Kharseeva, A A Savis'ko, M P Kostinov

    Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
    |July 24, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Children immunized with APDT and ADT-M vaccines showed increased TLR2 and TLR4 expression and cytokine production in response to pertussis antigens, indicating robust immune responses. Antibody levels correlated with immune cell activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Vaccinology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Cell and humoral immunity are crucial for protection against infectious diseases like pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus.
    • Immunization with vaccines such as APDT and ADT-M aims to elicit protective immune responses.
    • Understanding the innate immune mechanisms activated by these vaccines is essential for evaluating vaccine efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms of cell and humoral immunity formation against pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus in children.
    • To assess the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) and cytokine production following immunization with APDT and ADT-M vaccines.
    • To correlate immune responses with antibody levels against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 30 children (6-9 years) immunized with APDT and ADT-M vaccines.
    • Determined TLR2 and TLR4 expression on mononuclear cells (MNC) stimulated with vaccine components and bacterial strains.
    • Measured cytokine production (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6) and antibody levels (anti-diphtheria, anti-tetanus, anti-pertussis) using EIA and PHA reactions.

    Main Results:

    • MNC exhibited increased TLR2 and TLR4 expression and cytokine production upon stimulation with APDT, ADT-M, and Bordetella pertussis 345.
    • No significant response was observed when MNC were stimulated with Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains.
    • Direct correlations were found between antibody levels against diphtheria and tetanus (R=0.486), and against pertussis and diphtheria (R=0.529).

    Conclusions:

    • The study highlights the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in mediating immune responses to pertussis components in vaccinated children.
    • Cytokine profiles and TLR expression can serve as indicators of innate immunity status and post-vaccinal immunity intensity.
    • These findings contribute to a better understanding of vaccine-induced immunity and immune system evaluation.
    Abstract

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