Arthrobacter enclensis sp. nov., isolated from sediment sample.

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Bacteriology
• Taxonomy

Background:

• Marine sediments are rich reservoirs of microbial diversity, potentially harboring novel bacterial species with unique metabolic capabilities.
• The genus Arthrobacter is known for its ubiquitous presence in various environments and its significant role in biogeochemical cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize a novel bacterial strain from marine sediments collected in Chorao Island, India.
• To determine the taxonomic placement of the novel isolate through polyphasic characterization, including phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and cultivation of bacteria from marine sediment samples.
• Gram staining, motility tests, and colony morphology observation.
• Chemotaxonomic analysis including menaquinone profiling and fatty acid analysis.
• 16S rRNA gene sequencing for phylogenetic analysis.
• DNA G+C content determination.
• DNA-DNA hybridization for species delineation.

Main Results:

• A novel Gram-positive, non-motile bacterial strain, NIO-1008(T), was isolated and characterized.
• Chemotaxonomic analysis revealed MK-9(H2) as the major menaquinone and specific predominant fatty acids (anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, C15:0).
• Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that strain NIO-1008(T) formed a distinct lineage within the Arthrobacter genus, with highest similarity to A. equi (98.5%).
• DNA G+C content was determined to be 61.3 mol% and DNA-DNA hybridization supported its status as a new species.

Conclusions:

• Strain NIO-1008(T) represents a novel species within the genus Arthrobacter.
• The proposed name for this new species is Arthrobacter enclensis sp. nov.
• The type strain is NIO-1008(T) (= NCIM 5488(T) = DSM 25279(T)).