Effect of vitamin D₃ overdose and calcium supplementation in experimental nephrolithiasis model

There is little information in the literature relating supplementary oral usage of vitamin D and calcium to the development of kidney stones.

To evaluate the effect of high dose, 200 IU of vitamin D3 (V) with calcium supplementation (Ca).

Experimental model consists of insertion of pellets into the bladder of rats. V was administered for 30 days with or without Ca. The rats were divided in 6 groups: 1. Sham, 2. Pellets control; 3. V control; 4. Pellets + V; 5. Pellets + Ca and 6. Pellets + Ca + V.

50% and 17% decreases bladder stones formation in groups 5 and 6, p < 0.005 comparing with the group 2 were observed. There was no hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria in all groups. We observed a significant decrease in calciuria in group 6 (p = 0.03).

The administration of the V associated with Ca significantly decreased the formation of stones and caused a significant reduction in urinary calcium, suggesting a protection in the lithogenic pathophysiology.