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Association analysis of polymorphisms in OAS1 with susceptibility and severity of hand, foot and mouth disease

Y Cai1, Q Chen, W Zhou

  • 1Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China.

International Journal of Immunogenetics
|July 26, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in children can help identify Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) susceptibility. The OAS1 rs10774671 GG genotype is linked to increased risk of coxsackievirus A16 infection and milder disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a prevalent childhood illness, primarily affecting children under five in Asia.
  • Human Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are the main causative agents of HFMD.
  • Early screening and identification of severe cases through genetic variation detection are crucial for managing HFMD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to HFMD.
  • To determine if genetic variations can predict disease severity and progression in children.
  • To explore the relationship between genetic factors, viral load, and immune responses in HFMD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Taqman assays were employed to genotype four SNPs (OAS1 rs10774671, SELPLG rs2228315, SCARB2 rs41284767, IL28B rs12979860) in 333 HFMD patients and 163 controls.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure plasma gamma-interferon (IFN) levels.
  • Linear correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between IFN levels and OAS1 rs10774671 genotypes.

Main Results:

  • The OAS1 rs10774671 polymorphism showed a significant difference between controls and CA16-infected children, with the GG genotype associated with higher susceptibility.
  • The rs10774671 genotype distribution differed significantly between severe and mild HFMD cases, with AA+AG genotypes linked to a higher likelihood of encephalitis.
  • Mild HFMD cases exhibited higher gamma-IFN levels than severe cases, and the OAS1 rs10774671 GG genotype correlated with elevated gamma-IFN levels.

Conclusions:

  • The OAS1 rs10774671 SNP GG genotype is a potential genetic marker for increased susceptibility to CA16-type HFMD.
  • This genotype is associated with a milder form of HFMD and potentially reduced risk of severe complications like encephalitis.
  • Gamma-interferon levels are linked to both OAS1 rs10774671 genotype and HFMD severity, suggesting a role in the host immune response.

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