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Related Experiment Video

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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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Optimal persistent currents for interacting bosons on a ring with a gauge field.

Marco Cominotti¹, Davide Rossini², Matteo Rizzi³

¹Université Grenoble Alpes, LPMMC, F-38000 Grenoble, France and CNRS, LPMMC, F-38000 Grenoble, France.

Physical Review Letters

|July 26, 2014

Summary

Persistent currents in one-dimensional bosons are maximal at intermediate interactions. This occurs due to a complex interplay of barrier effects, interactions, and quantum fluctuations in ring traps.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Quantum many-body systems
Ultracold atomic gases

Background:

Persistent currents in confined quantum systems are crucial for understanding fundamental physics.
Rotating barrier potentials can simulate artificial gauge fields in ultracold atom experiments.
Interactions and quantum fluctuations significantly influence the behavior of one-dimensional systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the behavior of persistent currents in interacting one-dimensional bosons.
To explore the effect of a rotating barrier potential (artificial U(1) gauge field) on these currents.
To identify conditions leading to maximal persistent current response.

Main Methods:

Theoretical study of interacting one-dimensional bosons in a ring trap.
Inclusion of a rotating barrier potential to induce an artificial gauge field.
Analysis of the interplay between barrier effects, inter-particle interactions, and quantum fluctuations.

Main Results:

Persistent current response is maximal at intermediate interaction strengths.
A subtle interplay of barrier potential, interactions, and quantum fluctuations drives this maximal response.
The findings provide insights into the dynamics of quantum gases in mesoscopic rings.

Conclusions:

Intermediate interactions are key for maximizing persistent currents in this system.
The study highlights the complex quantum phenomena governing persistent currents in mesoscopic rings.
Results are directly applicable to current experimental efforts with ultracold atomic gases.