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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Proteoglycans are extensively glycosylated proteins, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, interwoven with collagen fibers. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers associated with large amounts of proteoglycans. These proteoglycans have long negative charges that attract cations, which in turn attract water molecules. This influx of ions and water molecules swells up the proteoglycan like a water-soaked gel that can...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Isolating Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells MPCs from Human Bone Marrow
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Revisiting the matricellular concept.

Joanne E Murphy-Ullrich1, E Helene Sage

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0019, United States.

Matrix Biology : Journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology
|July 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Matricellular proteins, initially identified for their role in cell adhesion, are now understood to have diverse functions. This review explores their expanded family, functions, and therapeutic potential in disease and regeneration.

Keywords:
CCNCell adhesionExtracellular matrixFibulinHevinMatricellularOsteopontinPeriostinR-spondinRegenerative medicineSPARCTenascinsThrombospondins

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Extracellular Matrix Research

Background:

  • The matricellular protein concept originated in the mid-1990s to explain phenotypes of gene-inactivated mice.
  • These proteins were initially characterized by their counter-adhesive properties within the extracellular matrix.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reappraise the matricellular protein concept after two decades of research.
  • To discuss the expanded family, functions, and therapeutic applications of matricellular proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on matricellular proteins.
  • Analysis of diverse functions, cellular locations, and interaction partners.

Main Results:

  • The matricellular protein family has expanded significantly.
  • These proteins exhibit diverse and often unexpected functions and cellular localizations.
  • Numerous interacting partners and receptors have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Matricellular proteins play crucial roles beyond simple adhesion.
  • Targeting matricellular proteins offers potential therapeutic strategies for pathology and regenerative medicine.