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Related Experiment Video

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Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Hemodynamics via Aortic Phantom
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SPATIO-TEMPORAL COMPLEXITY OF THE AORTIC SINUS VORTEX.

Brandon Moore1, Lakshmi Prasad Dasi1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1374.

Experiments in Fluids
|July 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how blood viscosity and heart rate impact aortic sinus vortex dynamics. Higher heart rates reduce counter vortex strength, influencing shear stresses on heart valve leaflets.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular fluid dynamics
  • Biomechanical engineering
  • Medical device research

Background:

  • The aortic sinus vortex is crucial for aortic valve function and the development of calcific aortic valve disease.
  • Understanding vortex dynamics is key to predicting and preventing cardiovascular pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the spatio-temporal dynamics of the aortic sinus vortex.
  • To investigate the influence of blood analog viscosity and heart rate on vortex behavior.
  • To analyze the relationship between vortex dynamics and leaflet flutter.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-resolution, time-resolved (2KHz) particle image velocimetry (PIV).
  • Employed a rigid aorta model with a porcine bioprosthetic heart valve.

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  • Tested blood analog fluids (water-glycerin mixture, saline) across various heart rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified distinct small and large time-scale vortices, including a counter vortex near the leaflet base.
    • Observed significant leaflet flutter (200Hz, 4mm amplitude) in saline, influenced by viscosity.
    • Demonstrated that heart rate modulates counter vortex strength and influences shear stress patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Blood viscosity affects vortex length/time scales and leaflet flutter.
    • Heart rate significantly impacts counter vortex formation and strength.
    • These hemodynamic factors are critical for understanding aortic valve disease progression.