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Polymorphism in 2-X-adamantane derivatives (X = Cl, Br).

Philippe Negrier1, María Barrio, Josep Ll Tamarit

  • 1Univ. Bordeaux and ‡CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798 , F-33400 Talence, France.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|July 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Polymorphism in 2-adamantane derivatives was studied using X-ray diffraction and calorimetry. 2-Br-adamantane has two phases, while 2-Cl-adamantane exhibits richer polymorphic behavior with multiple ordered and disordered phases under varying temperatures and pressures.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Adamantane derivatives are important building blocks in materials science.
  • Understanding their polymorphism is crucial for predicting and controlling material properties.
  • Polymorphic transitions influence physical and chemical characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temperature- and pressure-dependent polymorphism of 2-chloro-adamantane and 2-bromo-adamantane.
  • To characterize the crystal structures and phase transition behaviors of these compounds.
  • To assess the intermolecular interactions and their impact on structural stability.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray powder diffraction was employed to determine crystal structures.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to study phase transitions under varying temperatures and pressures (up to 300 MPa).
  • Analysis of intermolecular distances (e.g., Br···Br, C-Br···H) was performed.

Main Results:

  • 2-Bromo-adamantane exhibits a low-temperature orthorhombic phase and a high-temperature plastic cubic phase (Fm3̅m).
  • 2-Chloro-adamantane shows more complex polymorphism, including triclinic and monoclinic ordered phases, and hexagonal and cubic disordered phases.
  • No new phases were observed upon increasing pressure up to 300 MPa.
  • Weak intermolecular interactions were noted, particularly in 2-bromo-adamantane.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the distinct polymorphic behaviors of 2-chloro- and 2-bromo-adamantane.
  • The weak intermolecular interactions in 2-bromo-adamantane suggest its suitability for constructing diamondoid frameworks.
  • The findings provide valuable insights for the rational design of novel materials based on adamantane derivatives.