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Cellular Redox Profiling Using High-content Microscopy

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Published on: May 14, 2017

Complex oscillatory redox dynamics with signaling potential at the edge between normal and pathological mitochondrial

Jackelyn M Kembro¹, Sonia Cortassa², Miguel A Aon²

¹Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-UNC) and Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Córdoba, Argentina.

Frontiers in Physiology

|July 30, 2014

Summary

Mitochondria act as biological timekeepers, exhibiting complex oscillations under oxidative stress. These dynamics, influenced by superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, may serve as a signaling mechanism during cellular stress.

Keywords:

Hopf bifurcations ROS signaling complex oscillations mitochondrial energetic/redox physiological and pathophysiological behavior redox environment

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Published on: February 24, 2018

Area of Science:

Mitochondrial physiology
Cellular redox biology
Computational modeling

Background:

Oscillatory behavior is a conserved trait for timekeeping in biological systems.
Mitochondria regulate energy production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for signaling.
Understanding mitochondrial dynamics is crucial for cellular health.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore timekeeping functions in mitochondrial dynamics using a computational model.
To investigate the relationship between mitochondrial energetic-redox balance and oscillatory behavior.
To determine the role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in regulating these dynamics.

Main Methods:

Utilized the validated two-compartment mitochondrial energetic-redox (ME-R) computational model.
Incorporated key redox couples, scavenging systems, and ROS transport.
Performed power spectral and stability analyses to characterize model dynamics.

Main Results:

The ME-R model exhibited complex oscillatory dynamics with multiple frequencies.
Oscillatory behavior was dependent on Mn and Cu, Zn SOD concentrations and ROS production.
Complex oscillations occurred at the boundary of normal and pathological mitochondrial function, associated with oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

Complex mitochondrial oscillations may function as a frequency- and amplitude-modulated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling mechanism under oxidative stress.
Modulation of SOD provides an adaptive mechanism for cells to balance stability and flexibility under redox/energetic stress.
Mitochondrial dynamics play a critical role in cellular timekeeping and stress response.