Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

7.6K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
7.6K
Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

64.7K
Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
64.7K
Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

6.8K
Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells,...
6.8K
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

12.4K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.4K
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

3.9K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
3.9K
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

7.2K
Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
7.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Macropinocytosis facilitates amino acid acquisition from extracellular fluid to support cell proliferation in macrophages.

Journal of cell science·2025
Same author

Macropinosomes are a site of HIV-1 entry into primary CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Growing Macrophages Regulate High Rates of Solute Flux by Pinocytosis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Macropinocytosis: Blowing bubbles.

Current biology : CB·2023
Same author

Roles for 3' Phosphoinositides in Macropinocytosis.

Sub-cellular biochemistry·2022
Same author

Amino acids suppress macropinocytosis and promote release of CSF1 receptor in macrophages.

Journal of cell science·2022
Same journal

Malaria Cytoskeletal Proteins Require Alveolin-Alveolin Interactions for Differential Localization: Recruitment and Organization of Alveolin Proteins.

Cellular microbiology·2025
Same journal

Vam6/Vps39/TRAP1-domain proteins influence vacuolar morphology, iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.

Cellular microbiology·2021
Same journal

Hepatitis B virus envelope proteins can serve as therapeutic targets embedded in the host cell plasma membrane.

Cellular microbiology·2021
Same journal

Chlamydia and HPV induce centrosome amplification in the host cell through additive mechanisms.

Cellular microbiology·2021
Same journal

Entry of the Varicellovirus Canid herpesvirus 1 into Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells is pH-independent and occurs via a macropinocytosis-like mechanism but without increase in fluid uptake.

Cellular microbiology·2021
Same journal

Dengue virus replication enhances labile zinc pools by modulation of ZIP8.

Cellular microbiology·2021
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

7.9K

Phosphoinositides and engulfment.

Joel A Swanson1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5620, USA.

Cellular Microbiology
|July 31, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular engulfment involves dynamic changes in membrane phosphoinositides (PIs). These PIs regulate cellular processes and are exploited by pathogens during infection.

More Related Videos

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

9.8K
Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

7.9K
Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

9.8K
Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cellular engulfment processes, such as phagocytosis, involve significant plasma membrane remodeling.
  • Phosphoinositides (PIs) are key signaling lipids that regulate membrane dynamics and cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes in PI species during cellular engulfment.
  • To understand the role of PIs in regulating actin cytoskeleton, membrane trafficking, and signaling.
  • To explore how microbial pathogens manipulate PI pathways during infection.

Main Methods:

  • Live-cell imaging and lipidomics to map PI distributions during engulfment.
  • Experimental manipulation of PI levels and signaling pathways.
  • Microscopy techniques to visualize protein and PI localization.

Main Results:

  • Distinct PI patterns were observed at different stages of cellular engulfment.
  • PIs were found to regulate actin dynamics, membrane movement, and vesicle secretion.
  • Manipulation of PI chemistry altered engulfment progression and organelle identity.
  • Microbial pathogens were shown to hijack PI pathways for their benefit.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphoinositides are critical regulators of membrane dynamics during cellular engulfment.
  • PIs integrate cellular signals and direct cellular responses.
  • Pathogens exploit PI signaling to manipulate host cell processes for invasion.