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Related Experiment Video

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Visual Network Asymmetry and Default Mode Network Function in ADHD: An fMRI Study.

T Sigi Hale1, Andrea M Kane1, Olivia Kaminsky1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior , Los Angeles, CA , USA.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|August 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit rightward visual network asymmetry (VNA), suggesting inefficient top-down control over visual processing. This atypical pattern is linked to altered default mode network (DMN) function and inattentive symptoms.

Keywords:
asymmetryattentiondefaultlateralitynetworksensoryspatialverbal

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Research indicates abnormal visual information processing in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including slower processing speed and increased reliance on visuo-perceptual strategies.
  • Previous studies suggest atypical visual processing in ADHD, but the specific neural mechanisms remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To replicate and further examine rightward-biased visual information processing in ADHD using advanced fMRI techniques.
  • To investigate the association between abnormal visual network asymmetry and large-scale distributed network systems in ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) BOLD response was measured during letter and location judgment tasks.
  • Voxelwise and averaged signal approaches were used to assess visual network asymmetry and its relationship with large-scale networks.

Main Results:

  • Controls showed left-lateralized visual cortical activity, while ADHD children exhibited right-lateralized activity.
  • ADHD children demonstrated a significant rightward bias in visual network asymmetry compared to controls.
  • This rightward bias in ADHD was associated with reduced activation in extra-visual networks, including the default mode network (DMN).
  • Atypical associations were found between DMN activation and ADHD subjects' inattentive symptoms and task performance.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirmed rightward visual network asymmetry (VNA) in ADHD during a simple discrimination task.
  • This finding suggests inefficient top-down control over visual processing and greater engagement with task-extraneous information in ADHD.
  • Abnormal default mode network (DMN) function may contribute to the observed rightward VNA in ADHD.