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Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
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The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the...
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Neurotransmitters

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Neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers within the nervous system, facilitating the communication between neurons. These chemical messengers, varying in function and effect, are critical for sustaining various aspects of neurological health and emotional well-being.
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Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination01:23

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The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
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Gut-Brain Axis01:22

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The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
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Lobes of the Cerebrum01:22

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The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Limbic networks: clinical perspective.

Aylin Y Reid1, Richard J Staba1

  • 1Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.

International Review of Neurobiology
|August 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limbic epilepsy seizures often resist medication and surgery. Research suggests the seizure network extends beyond the limbic system, involving broader brain connections for better treatment.

Keywords:
Anatomical pathwayFocal seizureFunctional connectivityHigh-frequency oscillationHippocampal sclerosisMetabolic networkTemporal lobe epilepsy

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A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epileptology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Limbic epilepsy involves seizures originating in the limbic system.
  • Many cases are medically refractory, requiring surgical intervention.
  • Surgical resection of presumed seizure foci does not always achieve seizure freedom.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for broader epileptogenic networks in limbic epilepsy.
  • To explore the role of structural, functional, and metabolic connectivity.
  • To discuss the implications for tailored surgical treatment and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies employing MRI, EEG, MEG, fMRI, PET, and SPECT scanning.
  • Analysis of information on structural, functional, and metabolic brain connectivity.
  • Synthesis of findings implicating various brain regions in the epileptogenic network.

Main Results:

  • Growing evidence indicates epileptogenic networks extend beyond the mesial temporal lobe and limbic system.
  • Connectivity studies implicate diverse brain regions in the seizure network.
  • Current findings are not yet conclusive in defining the exact network boundaries.

Conclusions:

  • The epileptogenic network in limbic epilepsy likely involves widespread brain structures.
  • Future studies focusing on individual patient connectivity may refine treatment strategies.
  • Personalized network analysis holds promise for improved surgical outcomes and prognosis.