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Crystallizing hard-sphere glasses by doping with active particles.

Ran Ni1, Martien A Cohen Stuart, Marjolein Dijkstra

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding active particles to colloidal hard sphere glasses surprisingly promotes crystallization. This finding offers a new method for creating crystalline materials from glasses, overcoming kinetic trapping.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Crystallization and vitrification are competing pathways for solid formation.
  • Glassy states often prevent crystallization, especially in colloidal hard sphere systems.
  • Colloidal hard spheres are key components in developing functional materials like photonic crystals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of active particles on the crystallization of colloidal hard sphere glasses.
  • To explore a novel method for inducing crystallization in kinetically trapped glassy systems.

Main Methods:

  • Brownian dynamics simulations were employed.
  • Systems consisted of mixtures of active and passive hard spheres.
  • Simulations analyzed glassy systems with varying packing fractions.

Main Results:

  • Doping with small amounts of active particles significantly promoted crystallization in hard-sphere glasses.
  • Crystallization was observed in glasses with packing fractions as high as ϕ = 0.635.
  • This occurred close to the random close packing limit (ϕ ≃ 0.64).

Conclusions:

  • Active particles can overcome the glass transition to induce crystallization.
  • This provides a new route for fabricating crystalline materials from colloidal glasses.
  • The method is particularly relevant for materials prone to kinetic trapping and difficult crystal nucleation.