Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Reason and Intuition

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...

Parallel Processing

Parallel Processing

The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...

Subliminal Perception

Subliminal Perception

Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...

Perception

Perception

Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...

Decision Making

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...

Cognitivism

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Will online behavioral research follow the fate of online survey research?

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same author

Testing two-step models of negative quantification using a novel machine learning analysis of EEG.

Language, cognition and neuroscience·2024

Same author

Investigating Intra-Individual Networks of Response Inhibition and Interference Resolution using 7T MRI.

NeuroImage·2023

Same author

Cortical and subcortical contributions to interference resolution and inhibition - An fMRI ALE meta-analysis.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2021

Same author

An irregular narrow complex tachycardia: atrial fibrillation or something else?

Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation·2018

Same author

An irregular narrow complex tachycardia: atrial fibrillation or something else?

Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

Perceptual decision neurosciences - a model-based review.

M J Mulder¹, L van Maanen², B U Forstmann²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Psychological Research & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, The Netherlands.

|August 1, 2014

Summary

This review explores how quantitative models and neuroscientific data reveal brain networks underlying perceptual decision-making. Model-based approaches link cognitive processes like evidence accumulation to specific neural activity, advancing our understanding.

Keywords:

Drift Diffusion Model Linear Ballistic Accumulator evidence accumulation model fMRI

More Related Videos

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging

Background:

Perceptual decision-making involves complex cognitive processes.
Understanding the neural basis requires advanced analytical methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To review model-based studies on neural correlates of perceptual decision-making over the last decade.
To link latent cognitive processes to specific brain network activity.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of studies using quantitative cognitive models with neuroscientific data (fMRI BOLD).
Focus on model-based approaches to capture latent decision-making processes.
Analysis of neural correlates for evidence accumulation and decision threshold setting.

Main Results:

Different cortico-subcortical networks are associated with distinct latent decision-making processes.
Evidence accumulation correlates with a fronto-parietal network, overlapping with choice bias.
Decision threshold setting involves fronto-basal ganglia networks, also linked to choice bias.

Conclusions:

Model-based approaches are crucial for understanding the neural basis of cognitive processes.
This approach effectively links abstract decision-making components to measurable brain activity.
Future research can leverage these methods to further elucidate cognitive neuroscience.