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Related Concept Videos

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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Effective integrative supramolecular polymerization.

Qiwei Zhang1, He Tian

  • 1Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237 (China).

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|August 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved controlled supramolecular polymerization using self-sorting host-guest components. This breakthrough enables the creation of highly ordered supramolecular polymers from complex building blocks.

Keywords:
host-guest systemsself-assemblyself-sortingsupramolecular polymers

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Polymer science

Background:

  • Controlled polymerization is crucial for designing advanced materials.
  • Supramolecular chemistry offers unique self-assembly mechanisms.

Discussion:

  • Self-sorting of host-guest components provides a novel strategy for controlled supramolecular polymerization.
  • This method was successfully demonstrated using cucurbit[n]uril-based supramolecular polymers.

Key Insights:

  • Precise control over supramolecular polymer architecture is achievable through host-guest interactions.
  • The self-sorting approach simplifies the synthesis of complex supramolecular structures.

Outlook:

  • This technique holds potential for creating sophisticated, ordered supramolecular materials.
  • Future applications may involve designing functional polymers with tailored properties.