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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Published on: October 22, 2014

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Relationship between endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors and the extent and severity of coronary

Hilal Kurtoğlu Gümüşel1, Alp Burak Çatakoğlu1, Özlem Yıldırımtürk2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, İstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.

Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi : Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin Yayin Organidir
|August 2, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is more common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The degree of ED correlates with the extent and severity of CAD, impacting cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Biology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Understanding the interplay between risk factors, ED, and CAD presence, extent, and severity is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors, ED, and the presence, extent, and severity of CAD.
  • To compare ED markers in patients with and without angiographically defined CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Inclusion of 80 patients with CAD and 20 controls with normal coronary arteries.
  • Assessment of endothelial function using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated dilatation (NMD) via brachial artery Doppler ultrasonography.
  • Quantification of CAD extent and severity using vessel and modified Gensini scores.

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower FMD% and NMD% in the CAD(+) group versus the CAD(-) group (p=0.0001).
  • Identified cut-off values for FMD% (8.5%) and NMD% (13.6%) to differentiate single-vessel from multi-vessel disease.
  • Strong inverse correlation between modified Gensini score and both FMD and NMD (r=-0.825, r=-0.778; p=0.0001) in the CAD(+) group.

Conclusions:

  • ED is more prevalent in patients with CAD.
  • The severity of ED directly correlates with the extent and severity of CAD, highlighting its diagnostic and prognostic value.
Abstract

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