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Factors associated with birth weight inequalities in Jordan

K Mohammad1, M Kassab, J Gamble

  • 1Maternal and Child Health and Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.

International Nursing Review
|August 2, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Maternal education and socioeconomic factors significantly impact newborn birth weight in Jordan. Lower maternal education, income, older maternal age, female gender, and first-born status are linked to lower birth weights, highlighting areas for public health intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal health
  • Maternal-fetal medicine
  • Public health research

Background:

  • Birth weight is a critical indicator of neonatal health and maternal nutritional status.
  • It significantly influences infant survival, growth, and long-term development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate social determinants affecting mean birth weight in Jordanian newborns.
  • To identify risk factors associated with variations in birth weight.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for 5414 full-term singleton births in Jordan (2010).
  • Data collected included maternal age, education, income, and infant gender, birth order, and birth weight.
  • Statistical analyses included bivariate and multivariate analysis of variance.

Main Results:

  • 15.1% of neonates were low birth weight, 73.6% normal, and 11.3% high birth weight.
  • Low birth weight was associated with female gender, first-born status, maternal age >35, lower maternal education, and income <500 JD.
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed these associations.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal education is a modifiable factor positively influencing birth weight, especially for female and first-born infants.
  • Findings inform public health interventions to mitigate adverse effects on newborn birth weight.
  • Preconception and antenatal care are crucial for early risk detection and support.
Abstract

Keywords:
Birth InequalityBirth WeightEducationGenderMaternal AgeMiddle EastSingleton BirthsSocio-economic Status

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