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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cryogenic fluid flows are crucial for scientific discovery.
  • Optical and dynamic measurements require reliable tracer particles.
  • Dispersing particles in cryogenic liquids presents challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a reliable technique for dispersing fluorescent nanoparticles in cryogenic fluids.
  • To enable optical and dynamic measurements of cryogenic flows.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ultrasound for dispersing commercially available fluorescent nanoparticles.
  • Tested five types of nanoparticles (5 nm to 1 μm).
  • Imaged and tracked nanoparticles in liquid nitrogen and superfluid helium at up to 100 Hz.

Main Results:

  • Successfully dispersed fluorescent nanoparticles in liquid nitrogen and superfluid helium.
  • Demonstrated tracking of nanoparticles at high frame rates (up to 100 Hz).
  • Validated the technique for various nanoparticle sizes.

Conclusions:

  • The ultrasound-based method provides reliable nanoparticle dispersion in cryogenic fluids.
  • This technique facilitates advanced optical and dynamic flow characterization.
  • Opens new avenues for research in cryogenic fluid dynamics.