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Experimental titanium alloys for dental applications.
Adriana C L Faria1, Renata C S Rodrigues2, Adalberto L Rosa3
1Laboratory Specialist, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
|August 5, 2014
Summary
New titanium alloys show promising mechanical properties and biocompatibility for dental and medical applications. Titanium-5-zirconium and titanium-5-tantalum-5-zirconium are particularly suitable for future clinical use.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Materials Engineering
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Titanium alloys are increasingly used in medical and dental applications.
- Casting difficulties with titanium limit its routine use.
- Development of novel titanium alloys is crucial for expanding applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility of novel titanium alloys.
- To evaluate titanium-5-zirconium, titanium-5-tantalum, and titanium-5-tantalum-5-zirconium alloys.
- To benchmark against commercially pure titanium.
Main Methods:
- Plasma casting of titanium alloys and commercially pure titanium.
- Mechanical testing: modulus of elasticity and ultimate tensile strength.
- In vitro biocompatibility testing using SCC9 cells: proliferation, viability, and morphology assays.
Main Results:
- Titanium-5-tantalum exhibited lower mechanical strength compared to commercially pure titanium.
- Titanium-5-zirconium and titanium-5-tantalum-5-zirconium showed mechanical properties comparable to commercially pure titanium.
- All tested alloys demonstrated similar cell proliferation, viability, and morphology to commercially pure titanium, indicating good biocompatibility.
Conclusions:
- Experimental titanium alloys, particularly titanium-5-zirconium and titanium-5-tantalum-5-zirconium, show potential for future clinical applications due to favorable mechanical properties.
- These novel titanium alloys are biocompatible in vitro, as evidenced by cell proliferation, viability, and morphology studies.
- Further research and clinical evaluation are warranted for these promising titanium alloys.
