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Asbestos and smoking as risk factors for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case-control study.

Matteo Goldoni, Silvia Bonini, Maria L Urban

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |August 5, 2014

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    View abstract on PubMed

    Summary

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  • Engineering
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Air Pollution Modelling And Control
  • Asbestos And Smoking As Risk Factors For Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis: A Case-control Study.
    • This summary is machine-generated.

    Asbestos exposure and smoking are significant risk factors for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF). Combined exposure to asbestos and tobacco smoke dramatically increases RPF risk.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental and Occupational Medicine
    • Rare Diseases
    • Fibrotic Conditions

    Background:

    • Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare condition with unknown etiology.
    • Asbestos exposure has been previously suggested as a potential risk factor for idiopathic RPF.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of asbestos and other occupational agents (silica, metals, organic solvents) in idiopathic RPF.
    • To assess the impact of environmental agents like smoking on idiopathic RPF risk.
    • To examine potential interactions between occupational and environmental exposures as risk factors for idiopathic RPF.

    Main Methods:

    • A case-control study was conducted at a national referral hospital for idiopathic RPF.
    • Ninety patients with idiopathic RPF and 270 age-, sex-, and residency-matched controls participated.
    • Occupational and environmental exposures were assessed using structured questionnaires administered by occupational medicine specialists, patient interviews, and medical record reviews.

    Main Results:

    • Asbestos exposure was significantly associated with idiopathic RPF (OR, 4.22).
    • Current and former smoking were more prevalent in patients with idiopathic RPF (ORs 3.21 and 2.93, respectively).
    • A multiplicative interaction was observed between tobacco smoke and asbestos exposure (occupational and extraoccupational), substantially increasing RPF risk (ORs 12.04 and 8.42, respectively).

    Conclusions:

    • Asbestos exposure and tobacco smoking are identified as strong risk factors for idiopathic RPF.
    • Co-exposure to asbestos and tobacco smoke exhibits a synergistic, multiplicative effect on the risk of developing idiopathic RPF.
    • Retrospective assessment of occupational exposures via questionnaires is a limitation of this study.

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