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When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
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Studies on pulsed optogalvanic effect in Eu/Ne hollow cathode discharge.

V K Saini, P Kumar, S K Dixit

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    |August 5, 2014
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    The optogalvanic effect in a Europium/Neon lamp was studied using pulsed laser irradiation. Researchers identified atomic lines and analyzed discharge current effects, revealing insights into atomic interactions and energy transfer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Atomic Physics
    • Spectroscopy
    • Plasma Physics

    Background:

    • The optogalvanic (OG) effect is a sensitive method for studying atomic and molecular species in discharges.
    • Hollow cathode discharge lamps offer unique plasma conditions for spectroscopic investigations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the optogalvanic effect in a Europium/Neon (Eu/Ne) hollow cathode discharge.
    • To record and assign atomic spectral lines within a specific wavelength range.
    • To study the influence of discharge current on Eu and Ne OG signals.

    Main Methods:

    • Pulsed laser irradiation of a Eu/Ne hollow cathode discharge lamp.
    • Recording of the optogalvanic spectrum using a boxcar-averager in the 574–602 nm region.
    • Systematic variation of discharge current to observe its effect on OG signals.

    Main Results:

    • Observation of 41 atomic lines, with 38 assigned to Neon (Ne) transitions.
    • Identification of two Europium (Eu) transitions at 576.519 nm and 601.815 nm.
    • An unexplained line at 582.475 nm and a positive peak in the Ne OG signal at 588.189 nm attributed to Penning ionization.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully observed and characterized the optogalvanic effect in a Eu/Ne system.
    • The results provide spectral data for Ne and Eu, contributing to atomic databases.
    • The observed Penning ionization mechanism highlights complex interactions between Eu and Ne atoms in the discharge.