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Verbal Functions in Psychopathy.

José de Almeida Brites1, Valentina Ladera2, Victoria Perea2

  • 1Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal Institution O Companheiro, Ipss, Lisbon, Portugal jose.brites@ulusofona.pt.

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Summary
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Psychopathy and language skills appear similar between incarcerated and non-incarcerated individuals, suggesting a common verbal profile. This highlights the need for tailored correctional programs and language support.

Keywords:
language functionslanguage skillspsychopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Forensic Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by antisocial behavior and a lack of empathy.
  • Understanding the language and verbal functions of psychopathic individuals is crucial for effective intervention and rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare verbal functions and language skills in male psychopathic individuals (both incarcerated and non-incarcerated) with non-psychopaths.
  • To analyze specific language aspects including phonological processing, reading/writing, semantic understanding, and sentence comprehension.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety male participants (average age 38.19) were assessed.
  • Data collected from prisons, charitable organizations, and clinics.
  • Psychopathy assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R).
  • Language skills evaluated with the Psycholinguistic Assessment of Language Processing in Aphasia (PLPPA).
  • Participants categorized into four groups: incarcerated psychopaths, non-incarcerated psychopaths, incarcerated non-psychopaths, and non-incarcerated non-psychopaths.

Main Results:

  • Verbal functions and language skills were found to be very similar between psychopaths and non-psychopaths.
  • A common language processing profile was observed across groups.
  • No significant differences in phonological processing, reading, writing, word/image meaning, or sentence understanding were noted between psychopaths and non-psychopaths.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that psychopathy does not significantly alter core verbal functions and language skills.
  • There is a need for specialized vocational opportunities within correctional settings for both psychopathic and non-psychopathic individuals.
  • Individualized programs and appropriate language strategies are recommended for effective rehabilitation in correctional environments.