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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Hypertensive symptom representations: a pilot study.

Mary M Franklin1, Wilfred Allen, Stephanie Pickett

  • 1College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners
|August 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

African Americans with hypertension (HTN) often experience symptoms. This study found they attributed symptoms to HTN more than treatment, with strong beliefs in symptom control.

Keywords:
African AmericanHypertensionheadachequantitative

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Disparities
  • Symptom Perception

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) affects approximately 40% of African Americans.
  • Up to 50% of individuals with HTN report symptoms attributed to their condition.
  • Limited research exists on the specific beliefs African Americans hold regarding their hypertensive symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the meaning and emotions (representations) African Americans ascribe to their hypertensive symptoms.
  • To investigate the attribution of symptoms to hypertension versus its treatment.
  • To explore beliefs about symptom cure and control.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-six community-dwelling African Americans experiencing hypertensive symptoms were selected from a larger study.
  • Participants completed the Symptom Representation Questionnaire for each reported symptom.

Main Results:

  • Over half (51%) of participants reported at least one hypertensive symptom, commonly headaches, dizziness, or vision changes.
  • Participants generally reported neutral distress, duration, and consequence expectations for these symptoms.
  • Hypertension was identified as a cause of symptoms more frequently than hypertension treatment.

Conclusions:

  • African American patients with hypertension demonstrated strong beliefs in their ability to cure or control symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and vision changes.
  • These findings suggest key areas for nurse practitioners to assess, including symptom type, attribution to HTN, and beliefs about symptom management.
  • Understanding patient representations of hypertensive symptoms is crucial for effective self-management support.