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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Preparation of Tunable Extracellular Matrix Microenvironments to Evaluate Schwann Cell Phenotype Specification
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Modulating the stem cell niche for tissue regeneration.

Steven W Lane1, David A Williams2, Fiona M Watt3

  • 1Division of Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

Nature Biotechnology
|August 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regenerative medicine can harness the body's own stem cells by targeting their microenvironment (niche). This approach offers a promising alternative to cell transplantation for treating intractable diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Cell transplantation is a common strategy in regenerative medicine for tissue repair.
  • The stem cell microenvironment, or niche, plays a crucial role in tissue repair by endogenous stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the therapeutic potential of manipulating the stem cell niche for regenerative medicine.
  • To highlight the dynamic nature of the niche and opportunities for intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Targeting specific aspects of the niche, including cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions.
  • Utilizing small molecules, biologics, or biomaterials to modulate stem cell behavior.
  • Stimulating stem cell expansion, differentiation, or reversion of differentiated cells to stem cells.

Main Results:

  • The stem cell niche offers multiple intervention points for therapeutic strategies.
  • Modulating the niche can influence stem cell expansion, differentiation, and dedifferentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Manipulating the stem cell niche is a viable alternative to cell transplantation in regenerative medicine.
  • Future treatments may combine factors targeting stem cells and niche cells dynamically for optimal recovery.