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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: February 25, 2022
Quantitative and pattern analyses of continuous-wave Doppler-derived pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity for the
Sanae Kaga1, Taisei Mikami2, Yuka Takamatsu3
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Background:
Many echocardiographic features of constrictive pericarditis (CP) have been reported, but each alone has a limitation either in sensitivity or in specificity. Continuous-wave Doppler-derived flow velocity of pulmonary regurgitation can reflect the diastolic right ventricular pressure pattern characteristic of CP and be useful for its detection.
Methods:
Fifteen patients with CP, 18 patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy, and 20 normal subjects were studied retrospectively. Using continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography, pulmonary regurgitation velocities were measured at the early diastolic peak (VMAx), mid-diastolic inflection point (VIFL), and late diastolic minimal point (VMIN).
Results:
VIFL, VIFL/VMAx, VMIN, and VMIN/VMAx were significantly lower in the CP group compared with the restrictive cardiomyopathy and normal groups. Prevalence rates of patients with early mid-diastolic inflection, VIFL/VMAx < 0.5, VMIN < 50 cm/sec, and VMIN/VMAx < 0.33 were significantly greater in the CP group compared with the other groups. Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of CP were 93% and 74%, respectively, for the presence of early mid-diastolic inflection, 73% and 100% for VIFL/VMAx < 0.5, 73% and 97% for VMIN < 50 cm/sec, and 93% and 92% for VMIN/VMAx < 0.33.
Conclusions:
The quantitative and pattern analyses of continuous-wave Doppler-derived pulmonary regurgitation velocity could enhance the accuracy of echocardiographic detection of CP.
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