[News and perspectives in neurocritical care]

Neurocritical care is an ever-evolving discipline and its implementation in intensive care leads to reduction in mortality and to improvement of functional outcome in patients with devastating injuries to the nervous system. However, the decisive elements of the complete field of neurocritical care remain relatively unclear, as well as the exact ways to optimize them. During recent years new insights have been gained and new exciting studies have been initiated from which results are soon to be expected. This review focuses on the following management aspects: neuromonitoring, airway and ventilation, endovascular therapy, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, decompressive craniectomy, hematoma evacuation, blood pressure, and targeted temperature management. The application of these measures to brain diseases and injuries frequently treated in neurointensive care units will be addressed in the context of current studies.