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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

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Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

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Takayasu arteritis in an infant.

S Sandeep1, V N Unni1, K P Sreekumar2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|August 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Takayasu arteritis (TA), a rare inflammatory condition, was diagnosed in a 2-year-old girl with hypertension. This likely represents the youngest reported Indian case of TA with bilateral renal artery stenosis.

Keywords:
Childhood vasculitishypertension in infantsrenovascular hypertensiontakayasu arteritis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric rheumatology
  • Cardiovascular pathology
  • Rare pediatric diseases

Background:

  • Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the aorta and its major branches.
  • TA predominantly affects young women, with infantile cases being exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old girl presented with new-onset hypertension.
  • Diagnostic workup revealed Takayasu arteritis with bilateral renal artery stenosis.

Findings:

  • The patient's presentation at 2 years old makes this one of the youngest reported cases globally.
  • This case highlights TA as a potential cause of pediatric hypertension and renal artery stenosis.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and management of TA in infants are crucial to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.
  • This case expands the understanding of TA's rare presentation in early childhood.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis and optimal treatment strategies for infantile TA.