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Takayasu arteritis in an infant

S Sandeep1, V N Unni1, K P Sreekumar2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|August 7, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Takayasu arteritis (TA), a rare inflammatory condition, was diagnosed in a 2-year-old girl with hypertension. This likely represents the youngest reported Indian case of TA with bilateral renal artery stenosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric rheumatology
  • Cardiovascular pathology
  • Rare pediatric diseases

Background:

  • Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the aorta and its major branches.
  • TA predominantly affects young women, with infantile cases being exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old girl presented with new-onset hypertension.
  • Diagnostic workup revealed Takayasu arteritis with bilateral renal artery stenosis.

Findings:

  • The patient's presentation at 2 years old makes this one of the youngest reported cases globally.
  • This case highlights TA as a potential cause of pediatric hypertension and renal artery stenosis.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and management of TA in infants are crucial to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.
  • This case expands the understanding of TA's rare presentation in early childhood.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis and optimal treatment strategies for infantile TA.

Keywords:
Childhood vasculitishypertension in infantsrenovascular hypertensiontakayasu arteritis

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