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An update on leptin as immunomodulator.

Javier Conde1, Morena Scotece, Vanessa Abella

  • 1SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), the NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
|August 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Leptin, once thought only for energy balance, is now known to significantly impact the immune system. This review details leptin's crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immunity.

Keywords:
T regulatory cellTh1Th2adipokinesinnate and adaptive immunityleptinmacrophagesmonocytes

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Adipose tissue was historically viewed solely as a fat storage depot regulating energy homeostasis.
  • The discovery of leptin revealed adipose tissue as an endocrine organ.
  • Leptin, the first adipokine identified, initiated the understanding of adipokines' broader biological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the intricate relationship between leptin and the immune system.
  • To summarize key findings regarding leptin's influence on immune responses.
  • To highlight leptin's involvement in both innate and adaptive immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific evidence.
  • Synthesis of findings on leptin's immunological functions.
  • Analysis of leptin's role in immune cell activity and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Leptin plays a significant role beyond energy homeostasis, impacting immune processes.
  • Evidence demonstrates leptin's involvement in modulating innate immune responses.
  • Leptin also influences adaptive immune responses, affecting T-cell and B-cell functions.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin is a critical mediator in immune system regulation.
  • Understanding leptin's immunological functions is essential for comprehending host defense and inflammatory conditions.
  • Further research into leptin's immune-modulating properties holds therapeutic potential.